Geological Resources and Good Governance in Sub-Saharan
Africa
Holistic Approaches to Transparency and Sustainable
Development in the Extractive Sector
This book looks at the distribution, occurrences, potential and prospects for
good governance, transparency and sustainable development of geological resources in
Sub-Saharan Africa. By bringing together numerous different point of views, it is carried
out in a holistic, interdisciplinary and scientific way.
The states of Sub-Saharan Africa are among the world’s most resource-rich regions –
yet many of these countries are a long way from attaining their development potential –
some are among the least developed in the world. Paradoxically, those countries that are
most richly endowed with resources are often the least developed ("paradox of
plenty"). This phenomenon is exacerbated in many African countries by inadequate
governance; and yet, if the state is unable to provide basic services, the application of
social and environmental standards in the extractive and processing sectors will not be
effective.
The idea for this volume was conceived during an international conference of the Commission
de la Communauté Economique et Monétaire de l’Afrique Centrale (CEMAC) on
‘Geological Resources and Good Governance in Central Africa’ held in September 2009 in
Yaoundé, Cameroon. International experts from the political, scientific and private
sectors, along with civil society, came together and discussed the various demands being
placed on good governance and transparency in the Sub-Saharan raw materials sector and the
prerequisites that must be met, and considered how to seek answers to future challenges.
New forms of inter-sectorial, transnational governance like the Extractive Industries
Transparency Initiative (EITI) and civil society’s transparency movements like Publish
What You Pay (PWYP) offer ways to take account of all the different stakeholder interests
in the resources sector. In this book there is also a strong focus on artisanal mining, on
gender and on the spread of HIV/AIDS in the mining sector.
This publication is addressed to stakeholders in the field, including civil society,
international and private development agencies, planners, politicians and decision makers;
as well as to researchers such as earth scientists, economists, jurists and political
scientists.
Jürgen Runge is a Professor of Physical Geography and Geoecology at
the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany. As an environmentalist and consultant he has
worked for many years on the evolution of tropical landscapes and former and recent
climate changes in lower latitudes. He is the editor of the series “Palaeoecology of
Africa” and a member in several scientific editorial boards. The outcome of his studies
has been used for regional planning (e.g. remote sensing, land use, infrastructure
projects and management of natural resources). From 2007-2010 he was working for the
German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) leading a subregional project on geological resources,
transparency and good governance in Central Africa (CEMAC, Communauté Economique et
Monetaire de l’Afrique Centrale).
James Shikwati is a Geographer and Economist and the founder and
managing director of the Inter Region Economic Network (IREN) in Nairobi, Kenya. He is an
internationally recognized expert for economic and development problems in African
countries and has been mainly working on trade, environment and agriculture. He is also
the editor of the online magazine "The African Executive". In 2008 Shikwati was
appointed by the world economic forum to be one of the most influential ‘Young Global
Leaders’
Table of Contents
Foreword
Holistic approaches to transparency and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa:
Background and objectives; J. Runge & J. Shikwati
Geological resources and governance
How geological resources can aid Africa’s development; J. Shikwati
An overview of geological resources in Sub-Saharan Africa: Potential and opportunities
for tax revenue from the extractive sector; P. Buchholz & M. Sturmer
Transparency and the value chain in extractive industries in Central Africa; A.
Bomba Fouda
Investments in the mining industries for sustainable development; E.P. Ambomo
International approaches to improve resource governance in Africa; M. Schnell &
M. Grosmann
Case studies
Uganda’s oil boom: Potential and risks; H.G. Babies & B. Pfeiffer
World Bank’s failure in Chad-Cameroon oil project; G. Ngarsandje
Turning the curse into a blessing: A convenient Illusion. Lessons from the Nigerian
EITI process; M. Muller
Geological resources and transparency in the Central African commodities
sector—examples from Equatorial Guinea and the Central African Republic; J. Runge
Whither communities? Restorative justice in the Tiomin Kenya Ltd. titanium mining case;
C.A. Khamala
Good governance, transparency and regulation in the extractive sector; S.V. Rungan,
C. Musingwini & H. Mtegha
The impact of EITI and the role of civil society in Africa in promoting and advancing
transparency in the extractives sector; M.-A. Kalenga & members of the EITI
International Secretariat
Investment in extractive industries and sustainable development in Central Africa; Z.
Tourere
Regional approaches and activities of the private sector (companies)
Regional organisations’ approach to mining and exploitation in Sub-Saharan Africa; H.
Mtegha, C. Musingwini, S.V. Rungan & O. Oshokoya
Instruments and experiences to improve resource governance in a multinational
context—cooperation with the Commission of the Economic and Monetary community of
Central Africa (CEMAC); J. Runge
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Cameroon; E. Dibeu
Rating the social and environmental quality of commodities; R.D. Hasler
Artisanal mining, gender and HIV/AIDS
Artisanal mining activity—a benefit or a burden for sustainable development in
Central Africa? A. Bomba Fouda
Institutional aspects of artisanal mining in forest landscapes, western Congo Basin; J.
Schure, V. Ingram, J.C. Tieguhong & C. Ndikumagenge
Legal and fiscal regimes for artisanal diamond mining in Sub-Saharan Africa: Support
for formalisation of artisanal diamond mining in Central African Republic; J. Hinton,
E. Levin & S. Snook
Reflections on capacity building for women in small-scale mining within the CEMAC zone;
I. Boukinda & J. Runge
Best practices working in partnership in response to HIV and AIDS in mine site Lake
Zone in Tanzania; L. Ndeki, P. Sekule, K. Kema & F. Temu
HIV/AIDS in the informal mining sector evidenced by rapid antibodies tests—the
Bossoui village case study (Lobaye, Central African Republic); J. Runge & C.
Ngakola
Outlook
Conclusion: The urgent need to include African people—where do we go from here? J.
Shikwati & J. Runge
Author index
Colour plates
292 pages, Hardcover